In this paper, a novel maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller with an adaptive compensation control is first proposed for a microscale wind power generation system (WPGS). Based on the adaptive control, the dynamic response is improved and more wind energy can be captured during wind velocity variations. For cost and reliability consideration, no mechanical sensors are used in this proposed WPGS. A single-stage ac-to-dc converter is then proposed to replace the traditional two-stage converter and incorporate the MPPT control for achieving higher efficiency and lower total harmonic distortion (THD). To further improve the efficiency of the converter, a quasi-synchronous rectification (QSR) algorithm is proposed to control the active switches for reducing the conduction loss of the body diodes. The analytic closed form duty ratios of the corresponding active switches are also derived for easy implementation. Furthermore, a prototype system is constructed and the proposed MPPT controller and QSR algorithm are both implemented using a DSP, namely, TMS320F2812. Some experimental results are given to verify the validity of the proposed microscale WPGS. It is found that the total output energy can be increased by 13% for the microscale WPGS.