화학공학소재연구정보센터
Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology, Vol.21, No.14, 1425-1437, 2007
Submerged laser-induced plasma amplification of shockwaves using shock tubes for nanoparticle removal
Amplifying the dynamic pressure of submerged laser-induced plasma (LIP) shockwaves using shock tubes is introduced and demonstrated. The higher the amplitude of the pressure generated, the smaller the particles that can be removed, thus proving more useful for a variety of nanoparticle removal applications. Limiting the expansion of the submerged LIP core with a shock tube is a non-contact approach to increase pressure amplitude by nearly an order of magnitude for removal of particles, thus minimizing both shockwave and LIP radiation heating damage on the substrate. Radiation heating is identified as one of the major causes of damage in LIP nanoparticle removal and increases as the distance from the LIP core to the substrate decreases. However, submerged LIP shockwaves away from the core demonstrate a pressure decrease in the order of 70% every 5 mm and afterwards remaining comparatively steady. This demonstrates that the shock-tube technique results in higher pressures at distances significantly farther from the core of submerged LIP. In the current investigation, the effect of a set of shock tubes to amplify the transient pressure of the LIP-generated shockwave fronts has been studied to evaluate their specific pressure amplification performances. The effectiveness of a shock tube is quantified in terms of its pressure amplification factor. Through experimental data from several shock tube geometries examined, pressure amplification factors of 8.95 have been experimentally verified which is a ratio of shock tube generated submerged LIP transient pressure of 6.48 MPa to a transient pressure of 724 kPa without a shock tube at the same gap distance d = 2.5 mm. The potential advantages of shock tubes as an underwater amplification approach for predicted 10 nm particle removal are discussed.