Electrically conductive adhesives (ECAs) have been utilised in the internal bonding of leads to chips for some time. With the need to replace leaded solder, ECAs are an obvious candidate as a drop-in replacement. This paper discusses the general make-up of ECAs and the Standards to which these might be compared when using them as a replacement for solder. (C) Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, 2008.