Commercial grade weakly basic resin D301 was impregnated with iron through a simple method using ferric chloride as the precursor for removing of 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid (2-NSA) from aqueous solution and sewage. The characteristics of the D301 before and after iron-impregnation were examined using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The influences of pH, initial concentration of 2-NSA, contact time, temperature, and coexisting salts on the adsorptive removal of 2-NSA from aqueous solution by iron-impregnated resin D301 (Fe-D301) were studied by batch adsorption experiments. The adsorption of 2-NSA was found strongly affected by the pH, with pH 2.8 providing maximum adsorption of 2-NSA from aqueous solutions. Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson, and Temkin isotherm models were applied to the experimental data. Thermodynamic parameters such as free energy, enthalpy, and entropy were calculated using van't Hoff equations, which showed that 2-NSA adsorption on Fe-D301 was spontaneous and exothermic. Column studies were conducted to examine the use of the adsorbent for the removal of 2-NSA from continuously flowing aqueous solutions. Fe-D301 synthesized in this study exhibited a higher affinity for 2-NSA and salt coexisting solution compared with references in literature and shows great potential in further field processes.