Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol.93, No.8, 2171-2174, 2010
Viscosity and Softening Behavior of Alkali Zinc Sulfophosphate Glasses
We report on the softening properties and viscosity of glasses from the system ZnO-Na(2)O-SO(3)-P(2)O(5) for low-temperature sealing applications. Up to a ratio of network-forming ions PO(4)3-:SO(4)2- of about 2:1, a gradual substitution of P(2)O(5) by SO(3) results in decreasing glass transition and softening temperatures. At the same time, decreasing kinetic fragility is observed, noteworthy even for decreasing the total amount of network former from 44 at.% to 39 at.%. Thermomechanical and calorimetric analyses reveal a distinct SO(4)2--promoted relaxation phenomenon at temperatures significantly below the macroscopic glass transition temperature, which is interpreted as a result of the formation of an increasingly interconnected assembly of SO(4)2- and PO(4)3- units with increasing SO(3) content.