The radial distribution function (RDF) analysis of wide-angle X-ray diffraction by ramie fibers in untreated condition and after treatment with alkali of mercerizing strength or heat have been carried out. Interatomic distances, coordination numbers, mean square displacements, and coupling constants for different atom pairs have been calculated. The results have been interpreted in terms of a difference in both the conformation and packing of molecular chains in raw and alkali-treated ramie. In general, the coupling constant values have been found to be more in alkali-treated ramie, indicating relatively weak bond strength. Heat-treated ramie shows a marginal decrease in coupling constant values.