The traditional models of the origin of hydrocarbon deposits in the earth's crust suggest the biogenic mechanism of the formation of oil and gas lenses. Nonetheless, a great deal of research on the catalytic synthesis of hydrocarbons from the gases CO, CO2, and H-2 over bifunctional catalytic systems containing acid-base components of the clay or zeolite type together with oxidized metal particles has been carried out. The comparison of the composition of hydrocarbon mixtures that have been artificially prepared under different conditions over metal-containing catalysts and catalytic metal oxide systems blended with clays, SiO2, Al2O3, or zeolites with that of the naturally occurring oil-and-gas fields shows that the abiogenic inorganic synthesis of hydrocarbons can yield variations of hydrocarbon mixtures identical to the natural ones. The possibility of treating the processes of abiogenic hydrocarbon synthesis from the CO, CO2, and H-2 gas mixture on inorganic catalysts as a model of macroscopic-scale processes that occurred in the earth's crust during different periods of the geochemical history of the earth is investigated.