Methods for converting coal by gasification and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis and by direct Bergius hydrogeneration to liq. fuels were reviewed. As the optimum scenario for prodn. of hydrocarbon fuels from coal under Polish conditions, an industrial plant processing bituminous coal up to 50 Gg/day to produce up to 10 Gg/day of liq. fuels was proposed. The gasoline prodn. cost will be 0.64 euro/L. Biomass and natural gas were also taken into consideration as alternative raw materials for the liq. fuels.