This research note summarizes Spartina alterniflora and Sagittaria lancifolia sensitivity to oiling and in situ burning of applied oil. Experimental plots (2.4 m x 2.4 m x 0.6 m) were constructed in salt and freshwater marsh habitats and South Louisiana Crude (SLC) applied (21 m(-2)) to stems and leaves of marsh plants of oil and oil/burn treatment plots. Burning was initiated mid-August when winds were calm and a 15-25 cm floodwater layer covered the marsh substrate. Vegetative responses (stem density, height, carbon assimilation and biomass production) were measured for approximately one year following the in situ burns. Application of oil and burning of SLC only had short-term detrimental effects on salt and freshwater marsh vegetation. About one year after burns, vegetative responses measured in oiled and oiled/burned plots approached or exceeded control (no oil or burn) values. Field results suggest, under our experimental conditions, in situ burning of spilled oil in S. alterniflora and S. lancifolia marshes may be a remediation operation to consider. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.