Thin Solid Films, Vol.516, No.16, 5513-5517, 2008
Crystallization kinetics of Ga-Sb-Te films for phase change memory
Ga-Sb-Te ternary thin films were prepared by co-sputtering using targets GaSb and Sb8Te2. Crystallization processes of these films were studied by measuring the temperature-dependent electrical resistance during non-isothermal heating. The activation energy (E.), rate factor (K.), and kinetics exponent (n) were deduced from Kissinger and Ozawa's plots, respectively, The crystallization temperatures (T-x= 108 similar to 319 degrees C) increase with increasing GaSb contents. The activation energy (1.82 similar to 7.52 eV) increases with increasing Ga content until 31.6 at.% then it decreases. The crystallization mechanisms of compositions A similar to D (Ga17 similar to 32Sb71 similar to 62Te12 similar to 6), as evidenced from n values, are nuclei formation and subsequent crystal growth; the nucleation rate decreases with grain growth. While composition E (Ga38.2Sb57.7Te4.1) reveals an n value lower than 1.5, it implies the one-dimensional crystal growth from the nuclei. The crystallization time of each composition was evaluated using JMA equation using all derived kinetics parameters. Composition C (Ga26.4Sb65.2Te8.4), showing the shortest crystallization time, is suggested for phase change RAM applications. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Keywords:Ga-Sb-Te;phase change memory;PCRAM;Ga-Sb-Te films;electrical resistance;crystallization kinetics