자외선 노출조건 하에서 가속시험에 의한 지오멤브레인의 분해거동 해석

박영목; Belas Ahmed Khan; 전한용; Yeong Mog Park; Belas Ahmed Khan; Han Yong Jeon

Polymer(Korea), Vol.37, No.1, 5-14, January, 2013

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자외선 노출조건 하에서 가속시험에 의한 지오멤브레인의 분해거동 해석

Analysis of Degradation Behaviors of Geomembrane by Accelerated Test under UV Exposure Conditions

박영목, Belas Ahmed Khan¹, 전한용 ^{2, †}

영남대학교 건설시스템공학과
¹인하대학교 대학원 섬유공학과
²인하대학교 나노시스템공학부

Yeong Mog Park, Belas Ahmed Khan¹, and Han Yong Jeon^{2, †}

Department of Civil Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Korea
¹Department of Textile Engineering, Inha University Graduate School, Incheon 402-751, Korea
²Division of Nano-systems Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 402-751, Korea

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초록

본 연구에서는 UVB-313(자외선 파장 290-315 nm) 노출 하에 smooth HDPE 지오멤브레인과 flexible PP 지오멤브레인에 대한 자외선 노출의 영향을 평가하였다. 인장특성, 용융지수, 표준 및 고압 산화유도시간 및 FTIR/ATR 결과들을 고찰하였다. 노출된 지오멤브레인 시료의 인장특성은 변하지 않았지만, HDPE 지오멤브레인보다 flexible PP 지오멤브레인의 경우 산화방지제의 감소가 더 큼을 알 수 있었다. 대표적인 현장온도 20 ℃에서의 산화방지제의 수명을 예측하기 위하여 외삽에 의한 Arrhenius 모델을 적용하였다. 자외선 노출 전후의 HDPE 지오멤브레인 시료는 용융지수의 큰 차이는 없었지만 flexible PP 지오멤브레인은 가교발생으로 인한 용융지수 감소가 발생하였다. FTIR 스펙트럼으로부터 자외선에 노출된 시료의 경우 카르보닐기와 관련된 1750 cm^(-1) 부근에서 작은 피크가 발견되었으며, 이는 산화가 진행되었음을 예시하고 flexible PP 지오멤브레인의 경우 3100~3500 cm^(-1)에서 하이드록시기 또는 하이드로퍼옥사이드기에 의한 새로운 피크를 확인할 수 있었다.

In this paper the effect of UV (ultraviolet) exposure on HDPE (high density polyethylene)-smooth and f-PP (flexible polypropylene) geomembranes is evaluated under UVB-313 (ultraviolet wavelength 290-315 nm) exposure. Tensile property, melt flow index (MFI), oxidation induction time (OIT), both standard-OIT and high pressure-OIT and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy/attenuated total reflectance (FTIR/ATR) results are discussed. Although tensile properties of the exposed geomembrane samples remained unchanged, the depletion of antioxidants was found higher for f-PP than for HDPE geomembrane. Arrhenius model by extrapolation was used on the data to predict the antioxidant lifetime to a typical site temperature of 20 ℃. There was no significant difference between the MFI value of the virgin and UV exposed HDPE geomembrane samples but a decrease in MFI was found in f-PP geomembrane that signifies that crosslinking has occurred. From FTIR spectra, the small peak (near 1750 cm^(-1)) observed in the spectrum of UV exposed sample corresponds to a carbonyl (C=O) linkage, which suggests that oxidation has occurred in the polymer structure, and another new band for f-PP between 3100 and 3500 cm^(-1) is attributed to a hydroxyl bond and/or hydroperoxide bond.

Keywords:UV degradation;geomembrane;melt flow index;oxidative induction time;Arrhenius model by extrapolation.

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Hsuan YG, Guan Z, ASTM STP 1326, 76 (1997)
Gulec SB, Edil TB, Benson CH, Geosynth. Int., 11, 60 (2004)
Koerner RM, Lord AE, Hsuan YH, Geotext.Geomembranes., 11, 151 (1992)
Chen J, Yang MS, Zhang SM, Compos. Part A: Appl. S., 42, 471 (2011)
Xiang Q, Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Chemistry and Environment Science, The State University of New Jersey - Newark, 91 (2002)
O'Keefe JF, Rubber World., 230, 27 (2004)
Rowe R, Sangam K, Henri P, Geotext. Geomembranes., 20, 77 (2002)
Rjeb A, Tajounte L, El Idrissi MC, Letarte S, Adnot A, Roy D, Claire Y, Perichaud A, Kaloustian J, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 77(8), 1742 (2000)

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[1] Lodi PC, Bueno BS, Costa CLM, Zornberg JG, The first Pan Geosynthetics Conference & Exhibition, GeoAmericas, 681 (2008)

[2] Lodi PC, Bueno BS, Vilar OM, 4th Asian Regional Conference on Geosynthetics, Geosynthetics Asia, 40 (2008)

[3] Haxo H, Nelson N, International Conference on Geomembranes, Denver, 287 (1984)

[4] Rollin AL, 57th Canadian Geotechnical Conference, Geo Quebec, 15 (2004)

[5] Suits LD, Hsuan YG, Geotext. Geomembranes., 21, 111 (2003)

[6] Wang W, Qu B, Polym. Degrad. Stabil., 81, 531 (2003)

[7] Hsuan YG, Koerner RM, J. Geotech. Geoenviron., 124, 532 (1998)

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[9] Hu X, Polym. Degrad. Stabil., 55, 131 (1997)

[10] Zhang Z, Hu X, Zubo L, Polym. Degrad. Stabil., 51, 93 (1996)

[11] ASTM G154 Standard Practice for Operating Fluorescent Light Apparatus for Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials (2006)

[12] Hsuan YG, Guan Z, ASTM STP 1326, 76 (1997)

[13] Gulec SB, Edil TB, Benson CH, Geosynth. Int., 11, 60 (2004)

[14] Koerner RM, Lord AE, Hsuan YH, Geotext.Geomembranes., 11, 151 (1992)

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[16] Xiang Q, Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Chemistry and Environment Science, The State University of New Jersey - Newark, 91 (2002)

[17] O'Keefe JF, Rubber World., 230, 27 (2004)

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