Direct conversion of citrus peel waste into hydroxymethylfurfural in ionic liquid by mediation of fluorinated metal catalysts

Young-Byung Yi; Myoung-Gyu Ha; Jin-Woo Lee; Suk-Man Park; Young-Hun Choi; Chung-Han Chung

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.19, No.2, 523-528, March, 2013

DOI10.1016/j.jiec.2012.09.004 Export Citation

Direct conversion of citrus peel waste into hydroxymethylfurfural in ionic liquid by mediation of fluorinated metal catalysts

Young-Byung Yi, Myoung-Gyu Ha¹, Jin-Woo Lee , Suk-Man Park², Young-Hun Choi², and Chung-Han Chung^†

Department of Biotechnology, Dong-A University, Busan 604-714, South Korea
¹High-Technology Components and Materials Research Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Busan 618-230, South Korea
²Citrus Research Station, NIHHS, RDA, Seogwipo 699-946, South Korea

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A new green technology was developed using citrus peel waste to produce hydroxymethylfurfual (HMF). FT-IR analysis of the waste showed 4 characteristic vibration modes (C-H, C-O, C-OH, and C=O/COO^(-)), contributing to sugars. XRD and FESEM elucidated that the waste and its hydrolysate consist of highly amorphous clusters. HCl increased HMF yield by 1.4-fold. CrF3 increased its yield by 1.7-fold. At 0.2 of the stoichiometric ratio value, HMF yield was highest. The highest HMF yield was achieved in the reaction mixture of 4 g [OMIM]Cl, 1 mL ethyl acetate, 0.1 g CrF3, 5 mL 0.3 M HCl, and 0.5 g biomass.

Keywords:HMF;Ionic liquid;Citrus peel waste;Fluorinated metals;FTIR;XRD

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