Inorganic Chemistry, Vol.52, No.3, 1432-1442, 2013
Reactions of Acids with Naphthyridine-Functionalized Ferrocenes: Protonation and Metal Extrusion
Reaction of 1,8-naphthyrid-2-yl-ferrocene (FcNP) with a variety of acids affords protonated salts at first, whereas longer reaction time leads to partial demetalation of FcNP resulting in a series of Fe complexes. The corresponding salts [FcNP center dot H][X] (X = BF4 or CF3SO3 (1)) are isolated for HBF4 and CF3SO3H. Reaction of FcNP with equimolar amount of CF3CO2H for 12 h affords a neutral complex [Fe-(FCNP)(2)(O2CCF3)(2)(0H(2))(2)] (2). Use of excess acid gave a trinuclear Fe-II complex [Fe-3(H2O)(2)(O2CCF3)(8)(FcNP center dot H)(2)] (3). Three linear iron atoms are held together by four bridging trifluoroacetates and two aqua ligands in a symmetric fashion. Reaction with ethereal solution of HCl afforded [(FcNP center dot H)(3)(Cl)][FeCI4](2) (4) irrespective of the amount of the acid used. Even the picric acid (HPic) led to metal extrusion giving rise to [Fe-2(Cl)(2)(FcNP)(2)(Pic)(2)] (5) when crystallized from dichloromethane. Metal extrusion was also observed for CF3SO3H, but an analytically pure compound could not be isolated. The demetalation reaction proceeds with an initial proton attack to the distal nitrogen of the NP unit. Subsequently, coordination of the conjugate base to the electrophilic Fe facilitates the release of Cp rings from metal. The conjugate base plays an important role in the demetalation process and favors the isolation of the Fe complex as well. The 1,1'-bis(1,8-naphthyrid-2-Aferrocene (FcNP(2)) does not undergo demetalation under identical conditions. Two NP units share one positive charge causing the Fe-Cp bonds weakened to an extent that is not sufficient for demetalation. X-ray structure of the monoprotonated FcNP2 reveals a discrete dimer [(FcNP(2)center dot H)](2)[OTf](2) (6) supported by two N-H center dot center dot center dot N hydrogen bonds. Crystal packing and dispersive forces associated with intra- and intermolecular pi-pi stacking interactions (NP. NP and Cp center dot center dot center dot NP) allow the formation of the dimer in the solid-state. The protonation and demetalation reactions of FcNP and FcNP(2) with a variety of acids are reported.