혐기성 소화의 후처리로서 분리막의 여과특성 연구

추광호; 이정학; 백운화; 고의찬; 김상원; 고종호

Journal of the Korean Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.3, No.4, 730-738, December, 1992

Export Citation

혐기성 소화의 후처리로서 분리막의 여과특성 연구

Characteristics of Membrane Filtration as a Post Treatment to Anaerobic Digestion

추광호, 이정학, 백운화, 고의찬, 김상원, 고종호

초록

혐기성 소화액의 한외여과에 의한 후처리에서 분리막의 재질에 따른 여과특성을 연구하였다. 상이한 분리막의 여과특성을 정량적으로 평가하기 위해 저항 모델을 이용하였다. 소화액에 대한 플럭스의 양태는 초기의 물에 대한 분리막의 투과도에 무관하게 나타났다. 플루오로 폴리머 막의 경우에 유속의 증가에 따라 큰 플럭스의 향상을 보였는데 이것은 다른 분리막에 비해 막표면에 형성된 케이크층의 부착성이 약해 쉽게 제거될 수 있음을 시사해준다. 장시간 운전에서 플럭스의 감소는 오염층 저항의 증가에서 뿐만아니라 분극층 저항의 증가에서도 기인되었는데, 이와같은 계속적인 분극층 저항의 증가는 미생물의 분해 및 성장에 따른 케이크층 내의 성상변화를 반영할 수 있다. 막표면이 친수성인 셀룰로오즈 막은 소수성인 폴리술폰 막에 비해 낮은 막오염도를 보여주었다. 감압을 통해 플럭스를 5-10 L/㎡/h회복시킬 수 있었다. 세척단계에서 여과저항을 평가함으로써 15분의 단시간내에 세척이 완료됨을 알 수 있었다.

Filtration characteristics according to membrane materials were studied In the ultrafiltration of anaerobic digestion broth as a post treatment method. A series of resistances for different membranes were quantitatively assessed on the basis of the resistance-in-series model. Flux behavior observed with the digestion broth was irrelevant to initial water permeabilities of each membrane. The fluoro polymer membrane showed the most significant improvement of flux with increase of cross-flow velocity, which suggests that the cake layer formed on this membrane is more weakly attached to the membrane surface than those on the other membranes. Flux reduction during longtime running was attrib-used to the polarization layer resistance (R_p) as well as the fouling layer resistance(R_f). Continuous increase of R_P may reflect the variation in the characteristics of cake layers, which could result from size, shape, and structure changes due to lysis and growth of biomass. Hydrophilic cellulosic membrane had a much lower fouling tendency than hydrophobic polysulfone membrane. The depressurization method induced a small increase in flux of 5-10 L/㎡/h. During washing and cleaning, filtrability of each membrane was rapidly recovered within 15 minutes until a stationary value was reached.

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[1] Parkin GF, Owen WF, J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE, 112, 867 (1986)

[2] Anderson GK, Saw CB, "Proceeding of the 39th Industrial Waste Conference," ed. J.M. Bell, 783, Butterworth Publisher, Stoneham (1984)

[3] Odegaard H, "Anaerobic Digestion 1988: 5th International Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion," ed. E.R. Hall, and P.N. Hobson, 225, Pergamon Press (1988)

[4] Ross WR, DeVilliers HA, LeRoux J, Barnard JP, "Poster-Papers: 5th International Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion," ed. A. Tilche, and A. Rozzi, 571, Monduzzi Editre, Bologna (1988)

[5] Anderson GK, Saw CB, Fernandes MIAP, Process Biochem., 174 (1986)

[6] Butcher GJ, Int'l Biodeterioration, 25, 71 (1989)

[7] Chaize S, Huyard A, Water Sci. Technol., 23, 1591 (1989)

[8] Li A, Kothari D, Corrado JJ, "Proceeding of the 39th Industrial Waste Conference," ed. J.M. Bell 627, Butterworth Publisher, Stoneham (1984)

[9] Li AY, Corado JJ, "Proceeding of the 40th Industrial Waste Conference," ed. J.M. Bell, 399, Butterworth Publisher, Stoneham (1985)

[10] Choate WT, Houldsworth D, Bulter GA, "Proceeding of the 37th Industrial Waste Conference," ed. J.M. Bell, 611, Butterworth Publisher, Stoneham (1983)

[11] Defrise D, Gekas V, Process Biochem., 105 (1988)

[12] Visvanathan C, BenAim R, J. Membr. Sci., 45, 3 (1989)

[13] Persson KM, Nilsson JL, Desalination, 80, 123 (1991)

[14] Gatenholm P, Paterson S, Fane AG, Fell CJD, Process Biochem., 79 (1988)

[15] Daufin G, Merin U, Labbe JP, Quemerasis A, Kerherve FL, Biotechnol. Bioeng., 38, 82 (1991)

[16] Imasaka T, Kanekuni N, So H, Yoshino S, J. Ferment. Bioeng., 68, 200 (1989)

[17] Shimizu Y, Rokudai M, Tohya S, Kauawake E, Yazawa T, Tanaka H, Eguchi K, Kag. Kog. Ronbunshu, 15, 322 (1989)

[18] Shimizu Y, Rokudai M, Tohya S, Kauawake E, Yazawa T, Tanaka H, Eguchi K, J. Chem. Eng. Jpn., 22, 635 (1989)

[19] "Operating Manual DDS Mini-Lab 10 Ultrafiltration/Microfiltration," DDS Filtration Nakskov, Denmark