화학공학소재연구정보센터
Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.19, No.4, 1280-1288, July, 2013
Antibacterial activity of dithiothreitol reduced graphene oxide
E-mail:,
A green and simple approach is described for the large scale synthesis of reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The transition of graphene oxide (GO) into graphene was confirmed using various analytical techniques. Raman spectroscopy data indicate the partial removal of oxygen-containing functional groups from the surface of GO and formation of graphene. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to investigate the crystallinity of graphene nanosheets. The antibacterial activity of GO and rGO was evaluated using cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and DNA fragmentation assays. The results suggest that GO and rGO possessed an excellent antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli.
  1. Drzal LT, Fukushima H, Division of Polymer Chemistry., 42, 1635 (2001)
  2. Stankovich S, Dikin DA, Piner RD, Kohlhaas KA, Kleinhammes A, Jia Y, Wu Y, Nguyen ST, Ruoff RS, Carbon., 45, 1558 (2007)
  3. Geim AK, Novoselov KS, Nat. Mater., 6(3), 183 (2007)
  4. Novoselov KS, Geim AK, Morozov SV, Jiang D, Zhang Y, Dubonos SV, Grigorieva IV, Firsov AA, Science., 306, 666 (2004)
  5. Park R, Ruoff RS, Rodney S, Nature Nanotechnology., 4, 217 (2009)
  6. Luo ZQ, Yu T, Shang JZ, Wang YY, Lim S, Liu L, Gurzadyan GG, Shen ZX, Lin JY, Adv. Funct. Mater., 21(5), 911 (2011)
  7. Rao CNR, Sood AK, Subrahmanyam KS, Govindaraj A, Angewandte Chemie International Edition., 48, 7752 (2009)
  8. Dreyer DR, Park S, Bielawski CW, Ruoff RS, Chemical Society Reviews., 39, 228 (2010)
  9. Gao J, Liu F, Liu Y, Ma N, Wang Z, Zhang X, Chemistry of Materials., 22, 2213 (2010)
  10. Cote LJ, Cruz-Silva R, Huang JX, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 131(31), 11027 (2009)
  11. Zhou Y, Chemistry of Materials., 21, 2950 (2009)
  12. Ai LH, Zhang CY, Chen ZL, J. Hazard. Mater., 192(3), 1515 (2011)
  13. Xu C, Wang X, Zhu J, Journal of Physical Chemistry C., 112, 19841 (2008)
  14. Akhavan O, Ghaderi E, Journal of Physical Chemistry C., 113, 20214 (2009)
  15. Ng YH, Iwase A, Bell NJ, Kudo A, Amal R, Catal. Today, 164(1), 353 (2011)
  16. Akhavan O, Ghaderi E, Rahimi K, Journal of Materials Chemistry., 22, 23260 (2012)
  17. Akhavan O, Abdolahad M, Esfandiar A, Mohatashamifar M, Journal of Physical Chemistry C., 114, 12955 (2010)
  18. Stankovich S, Dikin DA, Dommett GHB, Kohlhaas KM, Zimney EJ, Stach EA, Piner RD, Nguyen ST, Ruoff RS, Nature., 442, 282 (2006)
  19. Park S, An J, Potts JR, Velamakanni A, Murali S, Ruoff RS, Carbon., 49, 3019 (2011)
  20. Fernandez-Merino MJ, Guardia L, Paredes JI, Villar-Rodil S, Fernandez PS, Martinez-Alonso A, Journal of Physical Chemistry C., 114, 6426 (2010)
  21. Akhavan O, Ghaderi E, Aghayee S, Fereydoonia Y, Taleb A, Journal of Materials Chemistry., 22, 13773 (2012)
  22. Liu JB, Fu SH, Yuan B, Li YL, Deng ZX, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 132(21), 7279 (2010)
  23. Wang Y, Shi Z, Yin J, ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces., 3, 1127 (2011)
  24. Akhavan O, Kalaee M, Alavi ZS, Ghiasi SMA, Esfandiar A, Carbon., 50, 3015 (2012)
  25. Zhu C, Guo S, Fang Y, Dong S, ACS Nano., 4, 2429 (2010)
  26. Esfandiar A, Akhavan O, Irajizadab A, Journal of Materials Chemistry., 21, 10907 (2011)
  27. Akhavan O, Ghaderi E, Carbon., 50, 1853 (2012)
  28. Gurunathan S, Han JW, Eppakayala V, Kim JH, Colloids and Surfaces B., 102, 772 (2013)
  29. Sanchez VC, Jachak A, Hurt RH, Kane AB, Chemical Research in Toxicology., 25, 15 (2012)
  30. Akhavan O, Ghaderi E, ACS Nano., 4, 5731 (2010)
  31. Hu W, Peng C, Luo W, Lv M, Li X, Li D, Huang Q, Fan C, ACS Nano., 4, 4317 (2010)
  32. Liu S, Zeng TH, Hofmann M, Burcombe E, Wei J, Jiang R, Kong J, Chen Y, ACS Nano., 5, 6971 (2011)
  33. Zhang Y, Ali SF, Dervishi E, ACS Nano., 4, 3181 (2010)
  34. Akhavan O, Ghaderi E, Esfandiar A, J. Phys. Chem. B, 115(19), 6279 (2011)
  35. Akhavan O, Ghaderi E, Akhavan A, Biomaterials., 33, 8017 (2012)
  36. Chen H, Muller MB, Gilmore KJ, Wallace GG, Li D, Adv. Mater., 20(18), 3557 (2008)
  37. Park S, Mohanty N, Suk JW, Nagaraja A, An J, Piner RD, Cai W, Dreyer DR, Berry V, Ruoff RS, Advanced Materials., 22, 1 (2010)
  38. Wang K, Ruan J, Song H, Zhang J, Wo Y, Cui D, Nanoscale Research Letters., 6, 8 (2011)
  39. Zhang X, Yin J, Peng C, Hu W, Zhu Z, Li W, Fan C, Huang Q, Carbon., 49, 986 (2011)
  40. Yan X, Chen J, Yang J, Xue Q, Miele P, ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces., 2, 2521 (2010)
  41. Liu Y, Yu DS, Zeng C, Miao ZC, Dai LM, Langmuir, 26(9), 6158 (2010)
  42. Hummers WS, Offeman RE, Journal of the American Chemical Society., 80, 1958 (1339)
  43. Wang G, Yang J, Park J, Gou X, Wang B, Liu H, Yao J, Journal of Physical Chemistry C., 112, 8192 (2008)
  44. Chen D, Li L, Guo L, Nanotechnology., 22, 325 (2011)
  45. Gurunathan S, Kalishwaralal K, Vaidyanathan R, Venkataraman D, Pandian SR, Muniyandi J, Colloids and Surfaces B., 74, 328 (2009)
  46. Luo ZT, Lu Y, Somers LA, Johnson ATC, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 131(3), 898 (2009)
  47. Kuila T, Bose S, Khanra P, Mishra AK, Kim NH, Lee JH, Biosensors and Bioelectronics., 26, 4637 (2011)
  48. Khanra TP, Kuila T, Kim N, Bae S, Yu DS, Lee JH, Journal of Chemical Engineering., 183, 526 (2012)
  49. Eda G, Chhowalla M, Adv. Mater., 22(22), 2392 (2010)
  50. Shin HJ, Kim KK, Benayad A, Yoon SM, Park HK, Jung IS, Jin MH, Jeong HK, Kim JM, Choi JY, Lee YH, Adv. Funct. Mater., 19(12), 1987 (2009)
  51. Niyogi S, Bekyarova E, Itkis ME, Zhang H, Shepperd K, Hicks J, Sprinkle M, Berger C, Lau CN, deHeer WA, Conrad EH, Haddon RC, Nano Letters., 10, 4061 (2010)
  52. Chang Y, Yang ST, Liua JH, Dong E, Wang Y, Cao A, Liu Y, Yang H, Toxicol Letters., 200, 201 (2011)
  53. Liu Z, Robinson JT, Sun XM, Dai HJ, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 130(33), 10876 (2008)
  54. Ferrari AC, Meyer JC, Scardaci V, Casiraghi C, Lazzeri M, Mauri F, Piscanec S, Jiang D, Novoselov KS, Roth S, Geim AK, Physical Review Letters., 97, 187401 (2006)
  55. Calizo I, Balandin AA, Bao W, Miao F, Lau CN, Nano Letters., 7, 2645 (2007)
  56. Kudin KN, Ozbas B, Schniepp HC, Prud’homme RK, Aksay IA, Car R, Nano Letters., 8, 36 (2008)
  57. Kim KS, Zhao Y, Jang H, Lee SY, Kim JM, Kim KS, Ahn JH, Kim P, Choi JY, Hong BH, Nature Letters., 457, 706 (2009)
  58. Agarwal S, Zhou XZ, Ye F, He QY, Chen GCK, Soo J, Boey F, Zhang H, Chen P, Langmuir, 26(4), 2244 (2010)
  59. Kang S, Pinault M, Pfefferle LD, Elimelech M, Langmuir, 23(17), 8670 (2007)
  60. Gurunathan S, Han JW, Dayem AA, Eppakayala V, Kim JH, Journal of Nanomedicine., 7, 5901 (2012)
  61. Paschoalino M, Guedes NC, Jardim W, Mielczarski E, Mielczarski JA, Bowen P, Kiwi J, Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A., 199, 105 (2008)
  62. Nel A, Xia T, Madler L, Li N, Science., 311, 622 (2006)
  63. Park EJ, Choi J, Park Y, Park K, Toxicology., 245, 90 (2008)
  64. Foster KA, Galeffi F, Gerich FJ, Turner DA, Muller M, Progress in Neurobiology., 79, 136 (2006)
  65. Ott M, Gogvadze V, Orrenius S, Zhivotovsky B, Apoptosis., 12, 913 (2007)
  66. Valko M, Rhodes CJ, Moncol J, Izakovic M, Mazur M, Chemico-Biological Interactions., 160, 1 (2006)
  67. AshaRani PV, Hande MP, Valiyaveettil S, BMC Cell Biology., 10, 65 (2009)