Boehmite alumina (BAl) was investigated in terms of its use as an filler to improve the inherent properties of polylactide (PLA). Composites of PLA with different loadings of BAl were prepared by melt-blending. Morphological analysis using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that the BAl particles were well dispersed at low BAl loading and BM agglomeration was found at higher BAl loadings. The tensile testing showed significant improvements in strength (57%) and elongation at break with 3 wt % BAl loading, consistent with the homogeneous dispersion of BAl particles in PLA matrix. The BAl nanoparticle incorporation did not improve the thermal stability of PLA matrix but showed improvement in heat release rate in fire property test in cone calorimetry.