In this study, the oxidation mechanism of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is investigated, and a fuel cell operating with acidic peroxide as oxidant and basic hydrogen sulfide as fuel is constructed. A stable solid state H2S/H2O2 fuel cell has been developed at the temperature of 298K. A nickel anode catalyst has been examined using Nafion-117 as a proton-conducting membrane. In an operating with the acidic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as oxidant, the cell potential was increased to a value of 0.85V at 298K. The main conclusion of this study is the management to increase the cell potential to 850mV at 25 degrees C, whereas this value can only be achieved in the H2S/O-2 fuel cell at 850-1000 degrees C. Moreover, there exists no prior work on the H2S/H2O2 fuel cell research. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.