화학공학소재연구정보센터
Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data, Vol.58, No.7, 1893-1908, 2013
Properties of New Asymmetrically Quaternized Dicationic Ammonium Based Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids with Ether Functionality
Eleven asymmetrically quaternized dicationic ammonium-based room-temperature ionic liquids (DRTILs) with bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (TFSI) were synthesized and characterized, along with 11 analogous dibromide precursors. Two-step synthesis was used to diquaternize tetramethyl-1,3-propanediamine and 2-(dimethylamino)-ethyl ether amines with a variety of alkyl and ether functionalized side chain groups (R-1 not equal R-2). Each salt contain 1 to 3 ether groups located either in a linkage or in a side chain moieties. Structural and thermoanalytical properties, water content, and viscosity have been characterized using, for example, NMR, mass spectrometry (MS), X-ray diffraction, and thermal analysis (TG/DTA, DSC). DRTILs have extensive fluid ranges [(similar to 330 to 370) degrees C], which are the consequence of low glass transition [(-60 to -40) degrees C] and high thermal degradation temperatures of the salts [(279 to 325) degrees C; heating rate 1.25 degrees C.min(-1)]. Thermal stabilities of DRTILs were examined as a function of a heating rate [(1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, and 20) degrees C.min(-1)], and degradation onset temperature overshoots of about (45 to 55) degrees C were observed between the slowest and the fastest heating ' rates. Thereby it is suggested that ILs should preferably be analyzed by TG using heating rates of <= 5 degrees C.min(-1) in order to reduce the possibility of an erroneous interpretation of the thermal stability. The ether group count and its location affected the viscosities significantly, which varied between (1150 and 6670) mPa.s at RT, and lowered significantly when heated at 60 degrees C, being typically <= 200 mPa.s. The ether-functionalized DILs are potentially applicable in various IL applications, such as, lubricants, heat transfer fluids, high temperature synthesis solvents, or as stationary phase in applications such as gas chromatography, MS, and capillary electrophoresis.