A stratification sampling method has been applied to investigate 384 households in 12 villages of four towns in Jinhu County, China. Responses to a questionnaire show that average household energy consumption per capita is 7.71 GJ (263.1 kgce), with average available energy consumption of 15.97 MJ (0.545 kgce)/family-day mainly in the form of straw. The average energy consumption depends on income, straw yield, and number of persons and of livestock in a family. There is demand for high-value commercial fuels supplied from outside the area.