Maleic diamides as photostabilizers for polystyrene

Samira T. Rabie; Ahmed E. Ahmed; Magdy W. Sabaa; M.A. Abd El-Ghaffar

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.19, No.6, 1869-1878, November, 2013

DOI10.1016/j.jiec.2013.02.033 Export Citation

Maleic diamides as photostabilizers for polystyrene

Samira T. Rabie, Ahmed E. Ahmed, Magdy W. Sabaa¹, and M.A. Abd El-Ghaffar^{2, †}

Photochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Egypt
¹Chemistry Department Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt
²Polymers and Pigments Department, National Research Centre, Egypt

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Some condensation maleic diamide adducts were prepared, characterized, and evaluated as photostabilizers for polystyrene. The potency of these diamides was determined by measuring the extent of weight loss (%), formed gel as well as the average molecular weights MV of the soluble fractions of the degraded polymers. The results indicated a good stabilizing effect of these products compared with the commercial UV absorber, phenyl salicylate. FTIR spectra of both neat and photoirradiated stabilized polystyrene gave an explanation of some photodegraded products of polystyrene. A probable radical mechanism is proposed to account for the stabilizing action of the diamide derivatives as photostabilizers.

Keywords:Polystyrene;Photodegradation;Diamides;Photostabilizers

[References]

Rabeck JF, Polymer Photodegradation: Mechanism and Experimental Methods, Chapman & Hall, Cambridge (1995)
Kuzina SI, Mikhailov AI, European Polymer Journal., 37, 2319 (2001)
Subramanian K, European Polymer Journal., 38, 1167 (2002)
Maksim’yuk SD, Stavichna DY, White JR, Shiichuk OV, Ukrainskii Khimicheskii Zhurnal., 67, 126 (2001)
Stevenson W, White JR, J. Mater. Sci., 37(6), 1091 (2002)
Singh RP, Prasad AV, Solanky SS, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 85(8), 1676 (2002)
Leroux F, Meddar L, Mailhot B, Morlat-Therias S, Gardette JL, Polymer, 46(11), 3571 (2005)
Mailhot B, Gardette JL, Macromolecules., 25, 4119 (1992)
Bottino FA, Di Pasquale G, Pollicino A, Recca A, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 69(6), 1251 (1998)
Sastre R, Catalina F, Mateo JL, Claramunt R, Santa-Maria MD, Catalan J, Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry., 28, 3661 (1990)
Sun GJ, Jang HJ, Kaang S, Chae KH, Polymer, 43(22), 5855 (2002)
Mark J, Physical Properties of Polymers Handbook, Springer, New York (2007)
Rabie ST, Khalil AM, Nada AA, Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology., 14, 191 (2008)
Leuth CLJ, Bihand H, Duennen Berger M, US Patent 3683020 (1968)
Samuel H, Adams BR, Tetrahedron Letters., 30, 3381 (1989)
Peeling J, Clark DT, Polymer Degradation and Stability., 3, 97 (1981)
Mailhot B, Gardette JL, Macromolecules., 25, 4127 (1992)
Katasuda N, Otaka K, Omura T, Takagishi T, Dyes & Pigments., 36, 193 (1998)
Newland GC, Tamplyn JW, Journal of Applied Polymer Science., 8, 1949 (1964)
Rabie ST, El-Ghaffar MA, Ahmed AE, Sabaa MW, Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology., in press.

[Referenced By]

[1] Rabeck JF, Polymer Photodegradation: Mechanism and Experimental Methods, Chapman & Hall, Cambridge (1995)

[2] Kuzina SI, Mikhailov AI, European Polymer Journal., 37, 2319 (2001)

[3] Subramanian K, European Polymer Journal., 38, 1167 (2002)

[4] Maksim’yuk SD, Stavichna DY, White JR, Shiichuk OV, Ukrainskii Khimicheskii Zhurnal., 67, 126 (2001)

[5] Stevenson W, White JR, J. Mater. Sci., 37(6), 1091 (2002)

[6] Singh RP, Prasad AV, Solanky SS, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 85(8), 1676 (2002)

[7] Leroux F, Meddar L, Mailhot B, Morlat-Therias S, Gardette JL, Polymer, 46(11), 3571 (2005)

[8] Mailhot B, Gardette JL, Macromolecules., 25, 4119 (1992)

[9] Bottino FA, Di Pasquale G, Pollicino A, Recca A, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 69(6), 1251 (1998)

[10] Sastre R, Catalina F, Mateo JL, Claramunt R, Santa-Maria MD, Catalan J, Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry., 28, 3661 (1990)

[11] Sun GJ, Jang HJ, Kaang S, Chae KH, Polymer, 43(22), 5855 (2002)

[12] Mark J, Physical Properties of Polymers Handbook, Springer, New York (2007)

[13] Rabie ST, Khalil AM, Nada AA, Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology., 14, 191 (2008)

[14] Leuth CLJ, Bihand H, Duennen Berger M, US Patent 3683020 (1968)

[15] Samuel H, Adams BR, Tetrahedron Letters., 30, 3381 (1989)

[16] Peeling J, Clark DT, Polymer Degradation and Stability., 3, 97 (1981)

[17] Mailhot B, Gardette JL, Macromolecules., 25, 4127 (1992)

[18] Katasuda N, Otaka K, Omura T, Takagishi T, Dyes & Pigments., 36, 193 (1998)

[19] Newland GC, Tamplyn JW, Journal of Applied Polymer Science., 8, 1949 (1964)

[20] Rabie ST, El-Ghaffar MA, Ahmed AE, Sabaa MW, Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology., in press.