Pseudomonas putida (NBAII-RPF9) was identified as an abiotic stress tolerant bacterium capable of growing at 45 A degrees C as well as in 1 M NaCl. The proteins expressed by this bacterium when subjected to these two stresses were analyzed by 2D gel and MALDI-TOF/MS. Two parameters viz., heat/saline shock (20 min at 45 A degrees C/1 M solid NaCl added at mid log phase and incubated for 1 h) and heat/saline tolerance (24 h growth at 45 A degrees C/in 1 M NaCl) were studied. Under heat shock 13 upregulated proteins and 1 downregulated protein were identified and under tolerance 6 upregulated proteins were identified. GroES and GroEL proteins were expressed under both tolerance and shock. Under saline shock 11 upregulated proteins were identified whereas under saline tolerance 6 upregulated proteins were identified and all these proteins had pI between 3 and 10 with molecular weights ranging from 14.3 to 97 kDa. Aspartate carbamoyltransferase was common under both the saline conditions studied. The analysis revealed involvement of heat stress responsive molecular chaperones and membrane proteins during heat stress. During salt stress, proteins involved in metabolic processes were found to be upregulated to favor growth and adaptation of the bacterium. Heat shock chaperones viz., DnaK and DnaJ were expressed under both saline and heat stress. This is the first report of protein profile obtained from a single bacterium under saline and heat stress and the studies reveal the complex mechanisms adapted by the organism to survive under high temperature or saline conditions.