Toxicity identification of effluent from a semiconductor lead frame manufacturing factory

Jisu Yoo; Sae-Bom Kim; Woo-Keun Kim; Jinho Jung

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.20, No.2, 494-498, March, 2014

DOI10.1016/j.jiec.2013.05.007 Export Citation

Toxicity identification of effluent from a semiconductor lead frame manufacturing factory

Jisu Yoo, Sae-Bom Kim, Woo-Keun Kim¹, and Jinho Jung^†

Division of Environmental Science & Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
¹Future Environmental Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju 660-844, Republic of Korea

E-mail:

The acute toxicity of lead frame effluent to Daphnia magna was found to be 22.62 TU, which far exceeded the toxicity discharge limit in Korea (<1 TU). TIE phases I and II result suggest that the mixture of Ag, Cu and CN were likely responsible for the observed toxicity, and this was confirmed by mass balance approach (TIE phase III). In addition, the Visual MINTEQ simulation suggested the presence of [Ag(CN)2]- and [Cu(CN)3]2- complexes in the effluent. Therefore, TIE procedures with chemical speciation modeling were effective for identifying the cause of acute toxicity in industrial effluents.

Keywords:Acute toxicity;Copper;Cyanide;Daphnia magna;Silver

[References]

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Wolska L, Sagajdakow A, Kuczynska A, Namiesnik J, Trends. Anal. Chem., 26, 332 (2007)
Introduction of the Whole Effluent Toxicity (WET) Criteria for Industrial Wastewater from 2011 (Korean), Korea MOE, Sejong, 2007. (2007)
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[1] Kim J, Um M, An D, Shim M, J. Lab. Clin. Med., 17, 343 (2006)

[2] Wolska L, Sagajdakow A, Kuczynska A, Namiesnik J, Trends. Anal. Chem., 26, 332 (2007)

[3] Introduction of the Whole Effluent Toxicity (WET) Criteria for Industrial Wastewater from 2011 (Korean), Korea MOE, Sejong, 2007. (2007)

[4] Kim E, Jun YR, Jo HJ, Shim SB, Jung J, Mar. Pollution. Bull., 57, 637 (2008)

[5] Methods for Aquatic Toxicity Identification Evaluations: Phase I, Toxicity Characterization Procedures, EPA/600/6-91/003, USEPA, Washington, DC, 1991. (1991)

[6] Methods for Aquatic Toxicity Identifications Evaluations: Phase II, Toxicity Identification Procedures for Samples Exhibiting Acute and Chronic Toxicity, EPA/600/R-92/080, USEPA, Washington, DC, 1993. (1993)

[7] Methods for Aquatic Toxicity Identifications Evaluations: Phase III, Toxicity Confirmation Procedures for Samples Exhibiting Acute and Chronic Toxicity, EPA/600/R-92/081, USEPA, Washington, DC, 1993. (1993)

[8] Jo HJ, Park EJ, Cho K, Kim EH, Jung J, Chemosphere, 70, 949 (2008)

[9] Yi X, Kim E, Jo HJ, Schlenk D, Jung J, Ecotox. Environ. Safe., 72, 1919 (2009)

[10] Yi X, Kim E, Jo HJ, Han T, Jung J, Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicology, 87, 319 (2011)

[11] Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, Korea MOE, Sejong, 2010. (2010)

[12] Guideline for Testing of Chemicals No. 202, OECD, Paris, 2004. (2004)

[13] Water Quality - Determination of the Inhibition of the Mobility of Daphnia magna Straus (Cladocera, Crustacea) - Acute Toxicity Test, Third ed. 6341, ISO, Geneva, 1996. (1996)

[14] Methods for Measuring the Acute Toxicity of Effluents and Receiving Waters to Freshwater and Marine Organisms, EPA/821/R-02/012, USEPA, Washington, DC, 2002. (2002)

[15] Bianchini A, Wood CM, Ecotox. Environ. Safe., 71, 32 (2008)

[16] Jo HJ, Choi JW, Lee SH, Hong SW, J. Hazard. Mater., 227, 301 (2012)

[17] Kang SW, Seo J, Han J, Lee JS, Jung J, Marine Pollution Bulletin, 63, 370 (2011)

[18] Kim SB, Kim WK, Chounlamany V, Seo J, Yoo J, Jo HJ, Jung J, J. Hazard. Mater., 227, 327 (2012)

[19] Barakat MA, J. Comput. Chem., 291, 345 (2005)

[20] Lopez-Munoz MJ, Aguado J, van Grieken R, Marugan J, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 86(1-2), 53 (2009)

[21] Lilius H, Hastbacka T, Isomaa B, Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 14, 2085 (1995)

[22] Khangarot BS, Ray PK, Ecotox. Environ. Safe., 18, 109 (1989)