Extraction of sugar from sugar beets is a process optimized over decades based on experience gathered during production. This process improvement is achieved without any systematic approach for optimization which raised the question whether such a mature process can be further optimized effectively, applying methods developed in the last decade like statistical experiment design or physicochemical modeling. Viable areas of operation for the respective approaches will be assessed and discussed using the example of sucrose extraction from sugar beet. Operating conditions are optimized regarding extraction kinetics and equilibrium behavior. Physicochemical modeling, however, requires detailed information on phase equilibria, fluid dynamics, and mass transfer effects. Here, the phase ratio can be identified as a sensitive parameter and process performance like the HETP (high equivalent of a theoretical plate) value can be enhanced. Therefore, the volumetric productivity serves as indicator. Potentials of process design and process optimization by a combination of statistical design of experiments and physicochemical modeling approaches are assessed, and respective possibilities and limitations are discussed.