Laser-induced desorption and ionization (LDI) of gold ions (Au-n(+): n = 1-3) were observed from gold nanorods in a liver tissue section (thickness: 10 mu m). Larger amounts of gold nanorods produced stronger mass signals. Organic molecules in the tissue were not detected and did not inhibit the LDI processes of the gold nanorods in the tissue. Because of the selective LDI processes of the gold nanorods, the distribution of gold in the liver was successfully determined by imaging mass spectrometry.