Chemically modified graphene and its dispersions are promising materials for several applications. The chemically inert characteristics of graphene, however, mean that chemical exfoliation and functionalization require a strong reactant and a long reaction time. To resolve the issues, we describe a novel microwave-assisted graphene modification technique using chloroform, by which chlorinated graphene was exfoliated and dispersed directly in the chloroform after irradiation for 15 min.