SBA-15 supported metal-doped cesium ion catalysts were prepared by the impregnation method and characterized by N-2 adsorption-desorption, XRD, FT-IR, and SEM and TEM. The characterization results indicated that the ordered hexagonal mesoporous structure of the support remained intact after incorporating cesium. Stepwise TPD of NH3 and CO2 was used to estimate the strength and the number of surface acid and base sites, respectively. The effects of Cs-loading, sources of cesium cation, and template concentration on the physicochemical properties and catalytic performance were investigated. The catalytic performance was evaluated by the gas-phase condensation reaction of methyl propionate with formaldehyde in a fixed-bed reactor. Compared with the amorphous SiO2 catalyst, at similar Cs loading (ca. 15 wt %) SBA-15 catalyst exhibited better selectivity and yield.