AimsTo investigate the interaction between cauliflower and the isolate VerticilliumVt305, obtained from a field suppressive to Verticillium wilt of cauliflower, and to evaluate the ability of VerticilliumVt305 to control Verticillium wilt of cauliflower caused by V.longisporum. Methods and ResultsSingle and combined inoculations of VerticilliumVt305 and V.longisporum were performed on cauliflower seedlings. Symptom development was evaluated, and fungal colonization was measured in the roots, hypocotyl and stem with real-time PCR. No symptoms were observed after single inoculation of VerticilliumVt305, although it colonized the plant tissues. Pre-inoculation of VerticilliumVt305 reduced symptom development and colonization of plant tissues by V.longisporum. ConclusionsVerticilliumVt305 is an endophyte on cauliflower plants and showed effective biological control of V.longisporum in controlled conditions. Significance and Impact of the StudyThis work can contribute to the development of a sustainable control measure of V.longisporum in Brassicaceae hosts, which is currently not available. Additionally, this study provides evidence for the different roles of Verticillium species present in the agro-ecosystem.