In this paper, 1-butylrpridinium bromide was synthesized, in which the solubility and regeneration of garlic stem in [BPy] Br and [BPy] Br /DMSO dissolution system were examined in the temperature range of 100-240 degrees C. The results show that [BPy] Br can eciently dissolve and degrade stalks, and DMSO can eectively improve the solubility of garlic stem and accelerates the dissolution rate at the optimum ratio of n[Bpy] Br : nDMSO = 1 : 8. With the increase of dissolution temperature and time, the solubility of garlic stem in [BPy] Br and [BPy] Br/DMSO increased correspondingly. The regenerated and undissolved cellulose samples in pure ionic liquid and mixed solvent were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, TG-DTG and SEM. It was found that [BPy] Br signicantly a ected the structure and surface characteristics of the garlic stem. The garlic stem were degraded in the ionic liquid of [BPy] Br eectively, indicating [BPy] Br has good degradation ability to the cellulose.