To estimate the order of importance of factors affecting the stability and maturation of compost, pig feces and corn stalks were co-composted at different aeration rates (AR: 0.24, 0.48, 0.72 L kg(-1) dry matter (DM) min(-1)), C/N ratios (15, 18,21), and moisture contents (MC: 65%, 70%, 75%). The thermophilic phase with all treatments was long enough to meet sanitation requirements. The oxygen content and N losses increased with increasing AR, but no significant differences were observed between the moderate and high treatments. The compost with the lowest initial C/N ratio was significantly different from the other treatments and had the lowest germination index (53-66%). AR was the main factor influencing compost stability, while the C/N ratio mainly contributed to compost maturity, and the MC had an insignificant effect on the compost quality. The recommended parameters for composting are an AR of 0.48 L kg(-1) DM min(-1) and a C/N ratio of 18 with MCs of 65-75%. Crown Copyright (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.