The effects of culture medium pH, flocculant type (FeCl3, Al-2(SO4)(3), Alum, Ca(OH)(2), chitosan, polyacrylamide), dosage and sedimental time on flocculation efficiency of harvesting Scenedesmus sp. cultivated in an open-pond system were investigated. Meanwhile, the relation between initial biomass concentration and the flocculant dosage needed was also investigated. The results from this work indicated that the flocculation efficiency achieved 97.4% after 10 min of sedimentation when the pH was adjusted to be 11.5, without adding flocculants. FeCl3 and chitosan showed a good flocculation efficiency at dosage of 0.15 and 0.08 g/L, respectively without pH adjustment. The flocculation efficiency increased from 49.74% to 90.63% when the final medium pH was adjusted to 6 after adding 0.1 g/L Alum. An increment from 68.18% to 92.84% was observed after adding 0.1 g/L Al-2(SO4)(3) followed by pH adjustment. Finally, the most suitable flocculation method was discussed in this paper. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.