In this work, controlled reduction with H-2 was used to transform blast furnace dust waste (BFD) into a versatile material for environmental applications, i.e., the reduction of the Reactive Red 195 (RR195) and Cr(VI) as well as the oxidation of RR195 by H2O2 in a heterogeneous Fenton reaction. Mossbauer, XRD and SEM analyses showed that treatment with H-2 at different temperatures (400, 600 and 800 degrees C) reduced iron in the BFD to different phases, mainly Fe-0/Fe3O4, Fe-0/Fe3O4/FeO and Fe-0. Reduction with H-2 at 800 degrees C showed the highest activity for the reductive discoloration of the RR195 dye. Materials reduced at 400, 600 and 800 degrees C were active for the dye oxidation with H2O2, obtained complete discoloration with 32%, 21% and 5% of TOC removal, respectively. The material treated with H-2 at 400 degrees C showed the best activity for the reduction of Cr(VI), with 81% removal after 180 min. Crown Copyright (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.