화학공학소재연구정보센터
Electrochimica Acta, Vol.107, 139-146, 2013
Preparation and characterization of W-doped Li4Ti5O12 anode material for enhancing the high rate performance
W-doped Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) in the form of Li4Ti5-xWxO12 (x=0.05, 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2) is prepared by sal-gel method and following two-step calcinations in the air and argon atmosphere, respectively. The as-prepared samples are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). XRD analysis demonstrates that W6+ can successfully enter the structure of cubic spinel-type LTO, increase the lattice parameter and no impurities appear. XPS results further identify the existence of W6+ ion. SEM images show that all samples had similar particulate morphologies and the particle size distribution was in the range of 0.5-1 mu m. The results of electrochemical measurement reveal that W-doping can improve the rate capability of LTO. However, heavy W substitution causes a discharge capability loss. The electronic conductivity of Li4Ti4.9W0.1O12 powder is as high as 1.5 x 10(-1) S cm(-1), which is much higher than 10(-13) S cm(-1) of the pristine LTO. The Li4Ti4.9W0.1O12 electrode exhibits the best rate capability and cycling stability, and its discharge capacity at 10 C is 128.1 mAh g(-1) after 100 cycles. The Li4Ti4.9W0.1O12 sample stands as a promising potentially high rate anode material for lithium-ion batteries. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.