Electrochimica Acta, Vol.134, 363-370, 2014
Mechanism and kinetics of electrochemical reduction of tert-butyl bromide molecule - improvement of theoretical model
In the present article the earlier formulated theoretical model of the adiabatic electrochemical reduction of the tert-butyl bromide molecule [1] is improved. The potential energy profiles describing dissociation of the C-Br bond in the neutral molecule and in the anion, which in the previous work were based on quantum calculations performed in vacuo, are replaced with new ones, derived from similar calculations, but taking into account solvent (dimethyl sulfoxide) effects. The modified two-dimensional potential energy surfaces were introduced into the simulation program and the rate constants were re-examined for three different values of the solvent reorganization energies lambda: 0.624, 1.0 and 1.41324 eV. The results are found to differ significantly from those reported previously, exhibiting now better agreement with experimental estimates for the activation energy and the transfer coefficient alpha. New values of alpha calculated in the interval of overpotentials eta = 1.3-1.45 V are found to decrease with eta from 0.262 to 0.237 when lambda = 0.624 eV, from 0.305 to 0.273 when lambda = 1 eV, and from 0.332 to 0.308 when lambda = 1.41324 eV (the latter obtained approximately). The transfer coefficient is shown to decrease also with the temperature, but this effect is much weaker than reported in our previous study [2]. Some trends found in our results are explained by the saddle point avoidance phenomenon. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords:Dissociative electron transfer;Reduction of tert-butyl bromide;MD simulations;Transfer coefficient;Saddle point avoidance