Direct carbon fuel cell are promising power sources with their performance significantly depending on the anode reaction. In this study, the CeO2 prepared by a Sol-Gel method was investigated as the catalyst for the graphite electrooxidation in the molten alkali carbonate. Ceria and graphite powders with different mass ratios were first homogeneously mixed and then pressed into electrodes for the electrochemical measurements. Results indicated that the performance of graphite electrooxidation was remarkably improved by the addition of CeO2. The current density of the graphite electrooxidation with 50 wt.% ceria reaches 196 mA cm(-2) at -0.4V vs. Au/CO32-/O-2,2CO(2) and 750 degrees C, which is considerably higher than that of pure graphite electrode (117 mA cm(-2)). The reaction mechanism relative to the ceria catalytic effect was explained by the indirect electrooxidation pathways via preceding chemical reactions following an electrochemical reaction. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.