High end-user satisfaction levels are key for the acceptance of nearly zero-energy housing. Post-occupancy evaluation research on highly energy-efficient dwellings can lead to recommendations which will influence their performance in the expected future large volume market of such houses. This study analysed mainly German, Austrian and Swiss post-occupancy evaluation research results on nearly zero-energy dwellings and undertook a survey of occupants of nearly zero-energy houses in the Netherlands. The study determined how various comfort parameters (such as winter thermal comfort, summer thermal comfort, indoor air quality and acoustics), information provision and control parameters are related to positive or negative end-user appraisal, finding that summer comfort design and the quality of - and information about - heating and ventilation systems are critical factors which must be addressed to improve user satisfaction in nearly zero-energy dwellings. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.