In addition to producing hydrogen gas, biohydrogen production is also used to process wastewater. Therefore, this study specifically conducted value analyses of two different scenarios of fermentative hydrogen production from a biomass system: to increase the value of a wastewater treatment system and to specifically carry out hydrogen production. The analytical results showed that fermentative hydrogen production from a biomass system would increase the value of a wastewater treatment system and make its commercialization more feasible. In contrast, fermentative hydrogen production from a biomass system designed specifically for producing hydrogen gas would have a lower system value, which indicated that it is not yet ready for commercialization. The main obstacle to be overcome in promoting biohydrogen production technology and system application is the lack of sales channels for the system's products such as hydrogen gas and electricity. Thus, in order to realize its commercialization, this paper suggests that governments provide investment subsidies for the use of biohydrogen production technology and establish a buy-back tariff system for fuel cells. Copyright (C) 2012, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.