Synthesis of bioplastics (polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA)) using Bacillus tequilensis, a newly isolated strain was investigated under aerobic condition using designed wastewater with synthetic acids (SA) and acidogenic fermented food waste (AFW) collected from biohydrogen (H-2) producing anaerobic bioreactors as substrates. The isolate showed the ability to grow and accumulate PHA in both the substrates, with simultaneous waste remediation. Higher PHA synthesis was observed with SA (59% dry cell weight) compared to AFW (36% dry cell weight) with good substrate removal (SA, 87%; AFW, 59%). The PHA composition showed presence of co-polymer [P(3HB-co-3HV)] with varying contents of hydroxy butyrate (HB, 80-90%) and hydroxy valerate (HV, 10-15%) in both the substrates. High dehydrogenase activity was observed which leads to the formation of considerable quantity of PHA. AFW from H-2 producing reactor as substrate contributes in reducing the production cost of both H-2 as well as PHA embedded with waste valorization. Copyright (C) 2013, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.