In this paper, small-sized and highly dispersed Ag nanoparticles (NPs) supported on graphene nanosheets are fabricated via a strategy for etching a copper template with Ag+. Firstly, big-sized Cu NPs are supported on graphene, and then the small-sized and highly dispersed Ag NPs are supported on graphene by replacement reaction, mainly making use of graphene passing electrons between Cu and Ag+. The graphene used in the experiment is prepared by in situ self-generating template and has good dispersion, excellent crystallinity and little defects. Thus, in the process of Ag/graphene synthesis, there is no any intervention of surfactant, which ensures that SERS activity sites have not been passivated. And, the little defects of graphene benefit the excellent conductivity of graphene and ensured the replacement reaction between Cu and Ag+. The obtained material exhibits significant high-quality and distinctive SERS activity. Especially, a serial new peak of p-aminothiophenol (PATP) is observed, this is suggested two reasons: one is,"surface geometry" of the PATP on small-sized Ag NPs and another is the charge-transfer between Ag and graphene. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Inc.