Conditions for the extraction of oil by pressing of Ricinodendron hendelotii (Bail.) Pierre ex Pax, kernels after fragilisation have been realised. The fragilisation of kernels was done by dry and wet ways at different temperatures (50, 70 and 90 degreesC) and durations (5 10 15 20 30 and 60 min). Results obtained showed that heating kernels at 90 degreesC for 60 min gave the optimal friability 60,86% and 58,13% respectively for dry and wet ways. Heating and grinding significantly (p < 0, 05) increased the oil yield. Extraction of the oil by pressing gave an optimal extraction yield of 19,45% corresponding to an extraction efficiency of 38,75%. This yield was obtained with the press reservoir filled at 37,5% (w/w). These results are sufficient to show the interest of this tree and to draw the attention of agroforestry police makers on the importance of it integration in agrary landscapes. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.