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Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, Vol.61, No.3, 187-195, 1994
The Synthesis of Sucrose Esters from Telomer Monocarboxylic Acids
Glycolipid biosurfactants possess excellent surfactant properties and can be useful model compounds for the synthesis of surfactants from materials available in large quantities. The incorporation of a long, branched alkyl group, which is a feature of glycolipids, into a synthetic surfactant was achieved by the transesterification of sucrose with the methyl ester of a selected telomer monocarboxylic acid mixture, in a solution reaction. Characterisation showed the product to be a mixture of mono- and diesters each comprising a different ratio of linear to branched alkyl chains in the substituted group. Surfactant properties of the mixture, and the chromatographically-separated components, when evaluated in both distilled water and a salt solution, were found to be superior to a range of sucrose stearates. In addition the biosurfactant analogues were found to be more effective than surfactants derived from beta-keto alkyl esters of various sugars (including sucrose) but were not as efficient as these latter compounds.
Keywords:SURFACTANTS