We use atomic force microscopy to observe the structural changes in petroleum-asphaltene aggregates in air as a function of temperature. The aggregates are obtained by evaporating a toluene solution containing asphaltene. Increase in temperature leads to transition from self-assembled fractal structures to substantially larger mobile "liquid-like" domains that show distinct tendencies of substrate repulsion and self-coalescence. This new aggregation dynamics of asphaltene can be explained by temperature-induced transition of asphaltene from pure amorphous to liquid crystalline phase. Observation of this new phenomenon for asphaltene will have wide implications for asphaltene handling and separation.