The current understanding of the development of deformation-induced microstructures and textures will be reviewed. The two TMP routes to achieve superplasticity in aluminum alloys involve either continuous or discontinuous reactions and are distinguished mainly by the mechanisms of recrystallization in the deformation-induced microstructure during annealing and straining at elevated temperatures. Results from orientation imaging microscopy as well as orientation measurements via convergent beam electron diffraction will be presented in order to clarify these mechanisms.