The substructure nonuniformity of metal materials with developed deformation texture was studied by use of the X-ray method of Generalized Pole Figures. Main regularities of substructure nonuniformity were revealed for the first time. Substructure conditions of grains in rolled material form an extremely wide spectrum and vary by passing from texture maxima to texture minima, where residual deformation effects are most significant. The distribution of residual elastic microstrains in the orientational space of rolled material shows the distinct cross-wise system, consisting in alternation of quadrants with predominant microstrains of opposite signs.