An evaluation of the characteristics of 25 indigenous trees and shrubs of the North E-astern Himalayan (NEH) region was carried out to identify trees with potential for firewood production. A fuelwood value index (FVI) was defined as the calorific value x density/ash content. The results showed that Gaultheria fragrantissima, Litsea citrata, Myrica esculenta, Aesculus assamica, Daphniphyllum himalense, Mesua ferrea, and Wendlandia tinctoria had the most promising firewood properties. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Ltd.