Preparation and Characterization of Tungsten Oxide-Zirconia Catalyst

Jong Rack Sohn; Man Young Park

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.4, No.2, 84-93, June, 1998

Department of Industrial Chemistry, Engineering College, Kyungpook National University, Taegu 702-701, Korea

Tungsten oxide-zirconic catalysts were prepared by drying of powdered Zr(OH)₄ with ammonium metatungstate aqueous solution followed by calcining in air at high temperature. The characterization of prepared catalysts was performed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Raman, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and by the measurement of surface area. The addition of tungsten oxide up to 20 wt % to zirconia shifted the phase transition of ZrO₂ from amorphous to tetragonal to higher temperature due to the interaction between tungsten oxide and zirconia, and the specific surface area and acidity of catalysts increased in proportion to the tungsten oxide content. Since the ZrO₂ stabilizes supported tungsten oxide, for the samples equal to or less than 5 wt % tungsten oxide was well dispersed on the surface of zirconia, but for the samples containing 13 wt % or above 13 wt % the triclinic phase of WO₃ was observed at any calcination temperature. Upon the addition of only small amount of tungsten oxide (1 wt % WO₃) to ZrO₂ both the acidity and acid strength of catalyst increased remarkably, showing the presence of Bronsted and Lewis acid sites on the surface of WO₃/ZrO₂. The high acid strength and large amount of acidity were responsible for the W=O bond nature of complex formed by the interaction between WO₃ and ZrO₂.

[References]

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[Referenced By]

[1] Wainwright MS, Foster NR, Catal. Rev.-Sci. Eng., 19, 211 (1979)

[2] Dadyburjor DB, Jewur SS, Rucken-stein E, Catal. Rev., 19, 293 (1979)

[3] Tanabe K, Misono M, Ono Y, Hattori H, Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal., 51, 5 (1989)

[4] Basrur AG, Patwardham SR, Vyas SN, J. Catal., 127, 86 (1991)

[5] Meijers S, Gielgens LH, Ponec V, J. Catal., 156(1), 147 (1995)

[6] Bosch H, Janssen F, Catal. Today, 2, 369 (1988)

[7] Engweiler J, Harf J, Baiker A, J. Catal., 159(2), 259 (1996)

[8] Grnert W, Mrke W, Feldhaus R, Anders K, J. Catal., 117, 485 (1989)

[9] Mastikhin VM, Terskikh VV, Lapina OB, Filimonova SV, Seidl M, Knozinger H, J. Catal., 156(1), 1 (1995)

[10] Horsley JA, Wachs IE, Brown JM, Via GH, Hardcastle FD, J. Phys. Chem., 91, 4014 (1987)

[11] Chan SS, Wachs IE, Murrell LL, Dispenziere NC, J. Catal., 92, 1 (1985)

[12] Murrell LL, Grenoble DC, Baker RTK, Prestridge EB, Fung SC, Chianelli RR, Cramer SP, J. Catal., 79, 207 (1983)

[13] Roosnaiern AJ, Koster D, Moi JC, J. Phys. Chem., 84, 3075 (1980)

[14] Karakonstantis L, Bourikas K, Lycourghiotis A, J. Catal., 162(2), 295 (1996)

[15] Grnert W, Shpiro ES, Feldhaus R, Anders K, Antoshin GV, Minachev KM, J. Catal., 107, 522 (1987)

[16] Yamuguchi T, Tanaka Y, Tanabe K, J. Catal., 65, 442 (1980)

[17] Hino M, Arata K, J. Chem. Soc.-Chem. Commun., 1259 (1988)

[18] he MY, Ekerdt JG, J. Catal., 90, 17 (1984)

[19] Maehashi T, Maruya K, Domen K, Aika K, Onishi T, Chem. Lett., 747 (1984)

[20] Yamaguchi T, Sasaki H, Tanabe K, Chem. Lett., 1017 (1973)

[21] Davis BH, Ganesan P, Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev., 18, 191 (1979)

[22] Iizuka T, Tanaka Y, Tanabe K, J. Catal., 76, 1 (1982)

[23] Turlier P, Dalmon JA, Martin GA, Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal., 11, 203 (1982)

[24] Szymanski R, Charcosset H, Gallezot P, Massardier J, Tournayan L, J. Catal., 97, 366 (1986)

[25] Sohn JR, Kim HJ, J. Catal., 101, 428 (1986)

[26] Sohn JR, Kim HW, J. Mol. Catal., 52, 361 (1989)

[27] Sohn JR, Ryu SG, Langmuir, 126, 9 (1993)

[28] Sohn JR, Ozaki A, J. Catal., 61, 29 (1980)

[29] Sohn JR, Jang HJ, J. Mol. Catal., 64, 349 (1991)

[30] Anderson A, Spectrosc. Lett., 9, 809 (1976)

[31] Vuurman MA, Wach IE, Hirt AM, J. Phys. Chem., 95, 9928 (1991)

[32] Kilo M, Schild C, Wokaum A, Biaker A, J. Chem. Soc.-Faraday Trans., 88, 1453 (1992)

[33] Chan SS, Wachs IE, Murrel LL, J. Catal., 90, 150 (1984)

[34] Torralvo MJ, Alario MA, Soria J, J. Catal., 86, 473 (1984)

[35] Clearfield A, Inorg. Chem., 3, 146 (1964)

[36] Sohn JR, Cho SG, Pae YI, Hayashi S, J. Catal., 159(1), 170 (1996)

[37] Tauster SJ, Fung SC, Baker RTK, Horsley JA, Science, 211, 1121 (1981)

[38] Wachs IE, Chersich EC, Hardenbergh JH, Appl. Catal., 13, 335 (1985)

[39] Livage J, Doi K, Mazieres C, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 51, 349 (1968)

[40] Hammett LP, Deyrup AJ, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 54, 2721 (1932)

[41] Olah FGA, Prakash GKS, Sommer J, Science, 206, 13 (1979)

[42] Itoh M, Hattori H, Tanabe T, J. Catal., 35, 225 (1974)

[43] Miura M, Kubota Y, Takimoto K, Muraoka Y, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 42, 1476 (1969)

[44] Parry EP, J. Catal., 2, 371 (1963)

[45] Connel G, Dumesic JA, J. Catal., 105, 285 (1987)