A nondestructive Kossel diffraction technique based on the principle of back-light scattering was used to characterize the structure formation which results from the interparticle interactions in colloidal dispersions. Static structure factors, radial distribution functions, and average pair potentials, which characterize the particle packing structures in model systems of hydroxylate latex dispersions, were obtained. The effects of particle concentration and polydispersity on particle structuring and dispersion stability were also studied. Computer simulations based on the Ornstein-Zernike method were compared with the experimental results. Good quantitative agreement was observed.