Comparison of Low Concentration and High Concentration Arsenic Removal Techniques and Evaluation of Concentration of Arsenic in Ground Water: A Case Study of Lahore, Pakistan

Abdullah Yasar; Amtul Bari Tabinda; Uzma Shahzadi; Pakeeza Saleem

Korean Chemical Engineering Research, Vol.52, No.5, 620-626, October, 2014

Abdullah Yasar^†, Amtul Bari Tabinda, Uzma Shahzadi, and Pakeeza Saleem

Sustainable Development Study Center, GC University, Lahore, Pakistan

E-mail:

The main focus of this study was the evaluation of arsenic concentration in the ground water of Lahore at different depth and application of different mitigation techniques for arsenic removal. Twenty four hours of solar oxidation gives 90% of arsenic removal as compared to 8 hr. or 16 hr. Among oxides, calcium oxide gives 96% of As removal as compared to 93% by lanthanum oxide. Arsenic removal efficiency was up to 97% by ferric chloride, whereas 95% by alum. Activated alumina showed 99% removal as compared to 97% and 95% removal with bauxite and charcoal, respectively. Elemental analysis of adsorbents showed that the presence of phosphate and silica can cause a reduction of arsenic removal efficiency by activated alumina, bauxite and charcoal. This study has laid a foundation for further research on arsenic in the city of Lahore and has also provided suitable techniques for arsenic removal.

Keywords:Coagulants;Activated Alumina;Calcium Oxide;Solar Oxidation;Elemental Analysis

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[2] Ahsan H, Chen Y, Kibriya MG, Slavkovich V, Parves F, Jasmine F, Gamble MV, Graziano JH, Drug Del., 16, 1270 (2007)

[3] Ghosh MK, Poinern GEJ, Issa TB, Singh P, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 29(1), 95 (2012)

[4] Mukherjee AB, Bhattacharya P, Environ. Rev., 9, 189 (2001)

[5] Mohan D, Pittman CU, J. Hazard. Mater., 142(1-2), 1 (2007)

[6] Ravenscroft P, Brammer H, Richards K, Arsenic Pollution: A Global Synthesis, John Wiley & Sons. Publication, 94 (2011)

[7] WHO (World Health Organization), Guideline for Drinking Water Quality, Recommendations, 3rd ed. Geneva, 306 (2004)

[8] Sahu NK, Dash B, Sahu S, Bhattacharya IN, Subbaiah T, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 29(11), 1638 (2012)

[9] Mondal P, Majumder CB, Mohanty B, J. Hazard. Mater., 137(1), 464 (2006)

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[11] Kapaj S, Peterson H, Liber K, Bhattacharya P, J. Environ. Sci. Heal. A, 41, 2428 (2006)

[12] Jeon C, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 28(3), 813 (2011)

[13] Nickson RT, McArthur JM, Shrestha B, Kyaw-Myint TO, Lowry D, Appl. Geochem., 20, 55 (2005)

[14] Keon NE, Swartz CH, Brabander DJ, Harvey C, Hemond HF, Environ. Sci. Technol., 35, 2778 (2001)

[15] Wegelin M, Gechter D, Hug S, Mahmud A, Motaleb A, SORAS-a Simple Arsenic Removal Process, http://phys4.harvard.edu/wilson/mitigation/SORAS Paper.html (2000)

[16] Hug SJ, Canonica L, Wegelin M, Gechter D, von Gunten U, Environ. Sci. Technol., 35, 2114 (2001)

[17] Lara AMG, Ocampo CM, Water Air Soil Poll., 205, 237 (2010)

[18] Gholikandi GB, Orumieh HR, Riahi R, Int. J. Safe. Security Eng., 1, 326 (2011)

[19] Tokunaga S, Yokoyama S, Wasay SA, Water Environ. Res., 71, 299 (1999)

[20] Edwards M, J. Am. Water Work. Assoc., 86, 64 (1994)

[21] Neil LM, Edwards M, J. Am. Water Work. Assoc., 89, 75 (1997)

[22] Singh P, Singh ST, Pant KK, Res. J. Chem. Environ., 5(3) (2001)

[23] Debasish M, Debaraj M, Ho PK, J. Environ. Sci., 20(6), 683 (2008)

[24] Mondal P, Balomajumder C, Mohanty B, J. Hazard. Mater., 144(1-2), 420 (2007)

[25] Leist M, Casey RJ, Caridi D, J. Hazard. Mater., 76(1), 125 (2000)

[26] Meng X, Bang S, Korfiatis GP, Water Res., 34, 1255 (2000)