CoFe2O4/C composite fibers as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries are prepared by thermal annealing of PAN/PMMA/FeAA/CoAA fibers fabricated using the electrospinning technique. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and galvanostatic cell cycling are employed to characterize the structure and electrochemical performance of the as-prepared CoFe2O4/C fibers. SEM images show that the interconnected irregular pores can be found in the fibers. TEM image shows that CoFe2O4 nanoparticles with a diameter of about 42 nm are well dispersed in the carbon matrix. The electrochemical results show that the CoFe2O4/C composite fibers display a stable and reversible capacity of over 490 mAh g(-1) after 700 cycles at a rate of 2.0 C and good rate capability. The experimental results suggest that the CoFe2O4/C fibers synthesized by this method are a promising anode material for high energy-density lithium-ion batteries. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.