Thin Solid Films, Vol.535, 270-274, 2013
Investigation of vertical compositional gradients in Cu(In,Ga)Se-2 by highly spatially and spectrally resolved cathodoluminescence microscopy
Polycrystalline Cu(In,Ga)Se-2 (CIGS) thin films with thicknesses of 1.1 mu m, 2.4 mu m and 2.9 mu m were grown using an in-line co-evaporation process with a final Cu-poor composition. The different film thicknesses were achieved by a variation of the process speed under constant evaporation rates. We analyze CIGS thin films by means of highly spatially (<160 nm) and spectrally resolved cathodoluminescence microscopy at lowtemperature (T=5 K). The integral spectrum of the investigated samples is dominated by donor-acceptor-pair recombination around 1.15 eV for the thinner samples and around 1.20 eV for the thickest sample. The surface shows a Gaussian and therefore fully random distribution of the peak wavelength. An investigation of the cross-sections reveals a shift of the peak energies to lower energies towards the surface of the layers for all samples and thus visualizes the local vertical gradient of the Ga/(Ga+In) ratio of the samples via an optical method. The extent of this shift increases significantly from 13 meV to 130 meV with decreasing process speed. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.