농산부산물인 옥피, 대두피, 왕겨, 소맥피를 이용한 산화생분해 바이오플라스틱 필름 개발

유영선; 김미경; 박명종; 최성욱; Young-Sun You; Mi-Kyung Kim; Myung-Jong Park; Sung-Wook Choi

Clean Technology, Vol.20, No.3, 205-211, September, 2014

Development of Oxo-biodegradable Bio-plastics Film Using Agricultural By-product such as Corn Husk, Soybean Husk, Rice Husk and Wheat Husk

유영선, 김미경¹, 박명종², 최성욱^†

가톨릭대학교 생명공학전공, 420-743 경기 부천시 원미구 지봉로 43
¹(주)바이오소재, 420-743 경기 부천시 원미구 지봉로 43
²콘프라테크(주), 413-180 경기 파주시 장명산길 241

Young-Sun You, Mi-Kyung Kim¹, Myung-Jong Park², and Sung-Wook Choi^†

Divion of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, 43, Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi 420-743, Korea
¹Bio Polymer Co. Ltd., 43, Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi 420-743, Korea
²Cornplatech Co. Ltd., 241, Jangmyeongsan-gil, Paju-si, Gyeonggi 413-180, Korea

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초록

식물로부터 유래하는 바이오매스를 25% 이상 함유하는 바이오 베이스 플라스틱은 탄소배출을 억제하는 효과가 있고, 한정된 자원인 석유의 소비량을 줄일 수 있으며, 산화생분해 첨가제를 추가 적용하면 폐기 후에는 미생물에 의해 생분해(Biodegradable) 되기 때문에 친환경적인 소재이다. 본 연구에서는 폴리에틸렌에 산화생분해 첨가제, 4종류 식물체 바이오매스, 불포화 지방산, 구연산을 첨가하여 생분해성 및 물성변화를 관찰하였다. 초기 신장율과 인장강도 등의 물성이 우수한 자연에 분해되는 바이오 플라스틱 필름을 제조하여 식품포장재로서의 제품 안전성을 시험하였다. 옥피, 대두피, 왕겨, 소맥피의 식물체를 Air classifying mill로 분체한 후, 저밀도 폴리에틸렌, 선형저밀도 폴리에틸렌, 기타 첨가제를 고속혼합기에서 혼합한 후, 호퍼에 투입한 다음 용융혼합하면서 다이스로 압출하여 4 가지 다른 형태의 두께 50 μm의 바이오 필름을 제조하였다. 기계적 물성으로 인장강도 및 신장율을 측정하였으며, 생분해 실험을 실시하였다. 옥피, 대두피, 왕겨, 소맥피로 제조된 필름 중 소맥피로 제조된 필름의 인장강도 및 신장율이 가장 좋은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 산화생분해 시험방법에 의해 45일간 생분해 테스트를 한 결과 표준물질인 셀룰로오스 분말 대비 51.5%의 생분해를 나타내었다.

Biomass-based plastics containing the biomass content higher than 25 wt% have been considered as environmentfriendly materials due to their effects on the reduction in the CO2 emission and petroleum consumption as well as biodegradability after use. This article described the effect of the additions of oxo-biodegradable additive, 4 kinds of plant biomass, unsaturated fatty acid, citric acid in the properties of polyethylene films. Bio films were prepared using a variety of biomasses and tested for feasibility as a food packaging film. Mechanical properties such as tensile strength and percent elongation at break were evaluated. Husk biomasses from such as corn, soybean, rice, and wheat were pulverized using air classifying mill (ACM) and four different types of packaging films with thickness of 50 μm were prepared using the pulverized biomass and low density polyethylene/linear low density polyethylene. The packaging film with wheat husk biomass was found to have greater mechanical properties of elongation and tensile strength than the other samples. Biodegradability of bio film was measured to be 51.5% compared to cellulose.

Keywords:Bio plastics;Food packaging fim;Bio based plastics;Biomass;Eco packaging;Oxo-biodegradable plastics

[References]

Guillet JE, “Polymers and Ecological Problems,” Baum B, White RA (eds.), Plenum Press, New York, pp. 45-60. (1973)
Brown DT, “Plastic Waste Management,” Mustafa N (ed.), Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, pp. 1-35. (1993)
Garcia C, Hernandez T, Costa F, Soil Sci. Plant. Nutr., 38, 339 (1992)
Huang JC, Shetty AS, Wang MS, Adv. Polym. Technol., 10, 23 (1990)
Bloembergen S, David J, Geyer D, Gustafson A, Snook J, Narayan R, “Biodegradation and Composting Studies of Polymeric Materials. In: Biodegradable Plastics and Polymers,” Doi Y, Fukuda K (eds.). Osaka, pp. 601-609. (1993)
Doane WM, Starch, 44, 292 (1992)
Scott G, Polym. Degrad. Stabil., 29, 135 (1990)
Albertsson AC, Barenstedt C, Karlsson S, Polym. Degrad. Stabil., 37, 163 (1992)
Lee SI, Sur SH, Hong KM, Shin YS, Jang SH, Shin BY, J. Int. Industrial Technol., 29, 129 (2001)
Chung MS, Lee WH, You YS, Kim HY, Park KM, Korean J. Food Sci. Technol., 35, 877 (2003)
Lee WK, Clean Technol., 17(3), 191 (2011)
Jang SH, Clean Technol., 19(4), 401 (2013)
KFDA. Food Codes, Korean Food and Drug Administration, Seoul, Korea, pp. 28-60. (2001)
ASTM D 6866-10, “Standard Test Methods for Determining the Biobased Content of Solid, Liquid, and Gaseous Samples Using Radiocarbon Analysis,” USA (2010)
ASTM D 6954-04, “Standard Guide for Exposing and Testing Plastics that Degrade in the Environment by a Combination of Oxidation and Biodegradation,” USA (2004)
ASTM D 5208-01, “Standard Practice for Fluorescent Ultraviolet (UV) Exposure of Photodegradable Plastics,” USA (2001)

[Referenced By]

[1] Guillet JE, “Polymers and Ecological Problems,” Baum B, White RA (eds.), Plenum Press, New York, pp. 45-60. (1973)

[2] Brown DT, “Plastic Waste Management,” Mustafa N (ed.), Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, pp. 1-35. (1993)

[3] Garcia C, Hernandez T, Costa F, Soil Sci. Plant. Nutr., 38, 339 (1992)

[4] Huang JC, Shetty AS, Wang MS, Adv. Polym. Technol., 10, 23 (1990)

[5] Bloembergen S, David J, Geyer D, Gustafson A, Snook J, Narayan R, “Biodegradation and Composting Studies of Polymeric Materials. In: Biodegradable Plastics and Polymers,” Doi Y, Fukuda K (eds.). Osaka, pp. 601-609. (1993)

[6] Doane WM, Starch, 44, 292 (1992)

[7] Scott G, Polym. Degrad. Stabil., 29, 135 (1990)

[8] Albertsson AC, Barenstedt C, Karlsson S, Polym. Degrad. Stabil., 37, 163 (1992)

[9] Lee SI, Sur SH, Hong KM, Shin YS, Jang SH, Shin BY, J. Int. Industrial Technol., 29, 129 (2001)

[10] Chung MS, Lee WH, You YS, Kim HY, Park KM, Korean J. Food Sci. Technol., 35, 877 (2003)

[11] Lee WK, Clean Technol., 17(3), 191 (2011)

[12] Jang SH, Clean Technol., 19(4), 401 (2013)

[13] KFDA. Food Codes, Korean Food and Drug Administration, Seoul, Korea, pp. 28-60. (2001)

[14] ASTM D 6866-10, “Standard Test Methods for Determining the Biobased Content of Solid, Liquid, and Gaseous Samples Using Radiocarbon Analysis,” USA (2010)

[15] ASTM D 6954-04, “Standard Guide for Exposing and Testing Plastics that Degrade in the Environment by a Combination of Oxidation and Biodegradation,” USA (2004)

[16] ASTM D 5208-01, “Standard Practice for Fluorescent Ultraviolet (UV) Exposure of Photodegradable Plastics,” USA (2001)